Zvinoreva Zvikamu zveCircuit Breaker: Tsananguro Yakadzama yeZvikamu zveCircuit Breaker zveHigh Voltage neLow Voltage

Zvinoreva Low-Voltage Muputsi wedunhu Maparamita

1. Iyo yakayerwa ikozvino Mukati yemuchina wekupwanya dunhu ndiyo huwandu hwepamusoro hunoenderera mberi huripo inogona kutakura pasi pemamiriro ekunze akatarwa pasina kupisa kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti circuit breaker ishande zvakanaka. Inonziwo simba remagetsi rinoonekwa serinogumburwa remudziyo.

2. Kuyera saizi yefuremu. Inomiririra saizi yemuchina unopwanya dunhu, zvichiratidza kuti yazvino yakayerwa zvakanyanya yemuchina wekupwanya dunhu.

3. Kukwanisa kuputsa circuit breaker short-circuit:

Kugona kuputsa circuit pfupi (Icu) kunoreva kugona kudzima arc zvachose pasi pemamiriro emagetsi, magetsi, uye simba, zvichitevera nzira mbiri dzekuedza (o-co). Izvi zvinoita kuti pasave nekukuvara kunopfuura miganhu yakatarwa (kupfeka kwemagetsi uye kukuvara kwearcing). Mushure mekuedza, sampuli inofanira kutsungirira bvunzo yemagetsi inodzivirira magetsi, uye unit ye ​​overload trip inofanira kushanda nemazvo pane current yakatarwa. Kugona uku kunosangana nemamiriro akatsanangurwa nemaitiro ekuyedza akatarwa asi hakusanganisiri kugona kuputsa kwe circuit breaker kutakura current yayo yakatarwa. Inoratidzwa se current inotarisira kuputsa (kA) (yemamiriro eAC, kukosha kweRMS kwechikamu cheAC kunoshandiswa).

Kugona kuputsa magetsi kwenguva pfupi (Ics) kwakayerwa sevhisi (inoshanda) Ics. Izvi zvinoreva kugona kudzima magetsi zvachose, kudzima arc, uye kudzivirira kudarika kukuvara kwakatarwa pasi pemamiriro emagetsi, magetsi, uye cos Φ, zvichitevera kutevedzana kwekuyedzwa kwe o-co-co. Mushure mekuyedzwa, sampuli haifanirwe kungosangana nekuyedzwa kwekusimbisa magetsi nekuwedzera kwekufamba kwemagetsi chete asiwo kuongororwa kwekuwedzera kwekupisa uye kushanda (5% yekusimbisa hupenyu hwemagetsi). Mamiriro ekuyedzwa akatarwa anofanira kuzadzikiswa, kusanganisira kugona kwekutakura magetsi kwenguva refu kwecircuit breaker. Kugona uku kunoratidzwa maererano ne percentage breaking current (kA), inoenderana ne percentage chaiyo ye rated ultimate short-circuit breaking capacity (Icu), yakatenderedzwa kusvika kune nhamba iri pedyo. Inogona kumirirwa se percentage ye Icu (semuenzaniso, Ics = 25% Icu). Kune rumwe rutivi, kana rated service short-circuit breaking capacity yakaenzana ne rated short-time standing current, inogona kutsanangurwa se rated short-time standing current value (kA), chero bedzi isiri pasi pe minimum value inoenderana. Kana Icu yeChikamu A ikadarika 200 kA kana yeChikamu B ikapfuura 100 kA, mugadziri anogona kuzivisa kukosha kweIcs se50 kA.

Zviri pachena kuti chiyero cheIcs chakasimba kupfuura chiyero cheIcu. Nemamwe mashoko, mushure mekupasa bvunzo yeIcs, chigadzirwa chinogona kushandiswa, asi mushure mekupasa bvunzo yeIcu, hachigone kushandiswa. Pakusarudza circuit breaker, tinofanira kuva nechokwadi chekuti inogona kukanganisa magetsi pasina kukonzera kuti kukanganisa kuwedzere, ukuwo tichichengetedza simba risingaperi mushure mekukanganisa. Kazhinji, kugona kwe short-circuit breaker kwe circuit breaker kunosarudzwa zvichienderana nechiyero cheIcs.

Yakarongwa kuti inokwanisa kumira kwenguva pfupi (Icw). Iyo yakanyanya kukwana inogona kumira iyo circuit breaker inogona kumira pasina shanduko dzinoonekwa mukati menguva pfupi (0.5 kana 1 sekondi). Inoratidza mashandiro ekupisa kwe circuit breaker kwenguva pfupi mumamiriro enguva pfupi.

Nekuda kwemamiriro akasiyana ekushandiswa, macircuit breaker akakosha ane dziviriro ine matanho matatu tarisa zvakanyanya pakukwanisa kwavo kuputsa circuit pfupi, nepo izvo zvinoshandiswa pa macircuit breakers asina kukosha Zvikurukuru ziva kuti vane kugona kwakakwana kwekuputsa magetsi mapfupi. Kunzwisisa kwangu ndekwekuti mushure mekucheka magetsi mudunhu rakakosha, circuit breaker inofanira kukwanisa kuramba ichipa simba, kutakura magetsi akarongwa kwenguva yakati, uye kutsiviwa panguva yakakodzera. Uye kune dunhu rakakosha, mushure mekuputsa nekuvhurazve magetsi mapfupi edunhu rakakwirira, basa rayo rapera uye rinogona kutsiviwa nerimwe idzva mushure mekudzima magetsi (kukanganisa kwekudzima kwemagetsi kudiki). Zvisinei, ingave iri mhando yefuremu kana molded case circuit breaker, inofanira kunge iine zviratidzo zviviri zvakakosha zvehunyanzvi zveIcu neIcs. Zvisinei, mashandiro eIcs akasiyana zvishoma pakati pemhando mbiri dzecircuit breakers. MaIcs mashoma anotenderwa emolded case circuit breakers anogona kuva 25 [%] Icu, nepo maIcs mashoma anotenderwa eframe type circuit breakers ari 50 [%] Icu. Macircuit breaker ane Ics=Icu haawanzoitiki. Ma "molded case circuit breakers" anoshandisa tekinoroji inotenderera ine "rotation double break" ine "current limitation performance" yakanaka uye ine "margin" akawanda ekupwanya simba, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti Ics=Icu ishande, asi nemutengo wakakwira.

Mukuita, sarudzo inofanira kunge yakavakirwa pakushandiswa kwechinhu chacho. Kana mumwe munhu akasarudza circuit breaker zvichibva pa short-circuit current inotarisirwa yemutsetse wakaverengerwa, rated operating short-circuit breaker capacity yecircuit breaker inoshandiswa kuona kuti circuit breaker imwe (ine short-circuit capacity yakakura kupfuura short-circuit current inotarisirwa yemutsetse, asi ine short-circuit breaker capacity yakaderera pane calculated current) haina kukodzera. Uku kusanzwisisana.

4. Hunhu hwekuchengetedza macircuit breakers akawandisa uye mapfupi. Muhurongwa hwekugovera hunodzivirirwa nemacircuit breakers, kana paine kukanganisa, circuit breaker iri pedyo nenzvimbo yekukanganisa inogona kushanda zvichienderana nehunhu hwakatarwa hwekudzivirira kuti ibvise kukanganisa, nepo mamwe mazinga emacircuit breakers asingashande, nokudaro achideredza kudzimwa kwemagetsi kunokonzerwa nekukanganisa kusvika padanho repasi, kuitira kuti mamwe macircuit power supply circuit asina kukanganisa agone kuchengetedza magetsi akajairwa. Izvi ndizvo zvinodiwa pakudzivirira macircuit breaker. Kune mhando ina dzemidziyo yekudzivirira ine macircuit breakers: ① dziviriro yekunonoka kwenguva refu yekupisa ine hunhu hwenguva inopinduka, ② dziviriro yekunonoka kwenguva pfupi yekufamba kwenguva yakati, ③ dziviriro yekukasika yekufamba kwenguva pfupi, uye ④ dziviriro yekudzika pasi. Mukushandiswa kwezuva nezuva, zvichienderana nechinangwa chekushandisa uye kuenzanisa kwehunyanzvi nehupfumi, mhando ina dzekudzivirira dzinogona kusarudzwa, kana kunonoka kwenguva refu, kunonoka nekukurumidza kana kupfupika, mhando nhatu dzekudzivirira dzinogona kusarudzwa kuti dzigadzire dziviriro yematanho matatu, kana kunonoka kwenguva refu uye nekukurumidza chete, mhando mbiri dzekudzivirira dzinogona kusarudzwa sedziviriro yematanho maviri. Nguva yekuvhura kwepfupi pfupi inowanzo kuve mukati me20-30ms, uye macircuit breaker ane dziviriro yekukurumidza nekukurumidza anogonawo kusarudzwa.

5. Voltage yekushanda yakayerwa Ue. Kazhinji zvinoreva voltage iri pakati pezvikamu. Kune system ye three-phase four wire neutral grounding, zvinoreva voltage ye phase to ground, kusanganisira voltage ye phase to phase (semuenzaniso 277/480V). Kune system ye three-phase three wire ungrounded kana impedance grounded, zvinoreva voltage ye phase to phase (semuenzaniso 480V)

Mafambiro emuchina wekupwanya dunhu (circuit breaker) akaongororwa. Kana zvikanzi muchina wekupwanya dunhu unoshandiswa kamwe chete, mapindiro akaongororwa anofanira kuratidzwa (（

6. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisira: chikamu chekushandiswa, chimiro chechimiro, huwandu hwematanda, nzira yekuisa, saizi yekuisa, sisitimu yekushanda yakayerwa, mwero wekudzivirira (kana isiri IP20), tembiricha yemhepo inodziya (kana isiri 30 ℃); Mhedzisiro yekuzviparadzanisa.

Zvinoreva kupatsanurwa: nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza, kudzima simba remudziyo wese kana chikamu chimwe chete chakazvimiririra nekuchiparadzanisa kubva kune ese magetsi.

Zvinoreva High Voltage Circuit Breaker Maparamita

1. Voltage yakayerwa (voltage yezita): Iparamita inoratidza simba rekudzivirira recircuit breaker uye ndiyo voltage yakajairika yekushanda kwenguva refu kwecircuit breaker. Kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa nekushanda kwesystem yesimba, macircuit breaker anotsanangurawo voltage yepamusoro yekushanda inoenderana nevoltage yakayerwa yedanho rega rega. Kune mazinga 3-220KV, voltage yepamusoro yekushanda inenge 15% yakakwira kupfuura voltage yakayerwa; Kune 330KV zvichikwira, voltage yepamusoro yekushanda inenge 10% yakakwira kupfuura voltage yakayerwa. Circuit breaker inofanira kukwanisa kushanda yakavimbika kwenguva yakareba pavoltage yepamusoro yekushanda.

2. Rated ikozvino: Iparamende inoratidza kugona kwenguva refu kwemuchina wekupwanya magetsi, kureva kuti, simba guru iro muchina wekupwanya magetsi unobvumidza kuti ripfuure nguva dzose kwenguva yakareba.

3. Rated breaking current: Iparamita inoratidza kugona kwekutyora kwecircuit breaker. Pavoltage yakayerwa, simba guru iro circuit breaker inogona kuita kuti ikwanise kutyora rakavimbika rinonzi rated breaking current, iro rinoratidzwa mu kiloamperes sechiratidzo chinoshanda chechikamu cheperiodic che short-circuit current panguva yekuparadzaniswa kwe circuit breaker. Kana circuit breaker ichishanda mu power grid iri pasi pevoltage yayo yakayerwa, simba rayo rekutyora rinogona kuwedzera. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekuganhurirwa kwesimba remuchina we arc extinguishing chamber, pane kukosha kwakanyanya kwe breaking current, iyo inonzi limit breaking current.

4. Simba rakasimba remagetsi: Iparamende inoratidza kugona kwemuputsi wedunhu kupfuura magetsi enguva pfupi, zvichiratidza kugona kwemuputsi wedunhu kutsungirira mhedzisiro yemagetsi emagetsi enguva pfupi. Mwero wepamusoro wemagetsi unobvumidzwa kupfuura nemuputsi wedunhu kana wavharwa kana panguva yekuvhara unonzi kugadzikana kwemagetsi.
5. Kuvhara kwemagetsi: Iparamita inoratidza kugona kwe closing current kwe circuit breaker. Nekuti kana circuit breaker yakabatana, panogona kunge paine short-circuit fault mu circuit, uye circuit breaker ichavhara short-circuit current hombe. Nenzira iyi, kune rumwe rutivi, simba remagetsi re short-circuit current rinoderedza simba re closing operation, uye kune rumwe rutivi, nekuda kwekuputsika kwe contacts vasati vaita contact, arc inogona kuitika, iyo inogona kukonzera contacts kunyunguduka nekukuvadza circuit breaker. Peak current yepamusoro iyo circuit breaker inogona kuvhara nenzira yakavimbika inonzi rated closing current. Rated closing current uye dynamic stability current zvakaenzana nenhamba, zvese zvakaenzana ne2.55 times rated breaking current.

6. Kugadzikana kwekupisa uye nguva yekupisa: Steady current iparameter inoratidza kugona kwecircuit breaker kutsungirira current yenguva pfupi, asi inoratidza kugona kwecircuit breaker kutsungirira mhedzisiro yekupisa kwe short-circuit current. Thermal stable current inoreva kukosha kwakanaka kwechikamu chepamusoro chenguva inobvumidzwa kupfuura nepa circuit breaker mumamiriro akavharwa kwenguva yakati, panguva iyo circuit breaker haifanirwe kukuvara nekuda kwekupisa kwenguva pfupi. Zvichienderana nemazinga enyika, rated thermal stability current ye circuit breaker yakaenzana ne rated breaking current. Nguva ye rated thermal stability current imasekondi maviri. Kana ichida kupfuura masekondi maviri, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa masekondi mana.

7. Nguva yekuvharira nenguva yekuvhura: Aya ndiwo maparamita anoratidza mashandiro ekushanda kwemacircuit breakers. Nguva dzekuvhura nekuvhara dzemhando dzakasiyana dzecircuit breakers dzakasiyana, asi dzese dzinoda kukurumidza kushanda. Nguva yekuvharira inoreva nguva kubva pakuvhara coil yecircuit breaker operating mechanism kusvika pakubata kwecontact huru. Nguva yekuvhura yecircuit breaker inosanganisira zvikamu zviviri: nguva yekuvhura inotangira uye nguva yekudzima arc. Nguva yekuvhura inotangira inoreva nguva kubva pakuvhara coil ye operating mechanism yakabatana nekuparadzaniswa kwecontacts. Nguva yekudzima inoreva nguva kubva pakuparadzaniswa kwecontact kusvika pakudzimwa kwe arc muchikamu chimwe nechimwe. Saka, nguva yekuvhura inozivikanwawo senguva yekuvhura yakazara.

8. Kutenderera kwekushanda: Izvi zvinoratidzawo mashandiro ekushanda kwecircuit breaker. Kukanganisa kwecircuit circuit mumagetsi epamusoro kunowanzova kwenguva pfupi, uye kukanganisa kunokurumidza kupera mushure mekunge short-circuit current yadzimwa. Saka, kuti simba rive rakavimbika uye kugadzikana kwekushanda kwesystem, macircuit breaker anofanirwa kukwanisa kumira zviito zvekuvhara, kuvhura, kana kuvhura kamwe chete kana kupfuura mushure mekuvhara. Rudzi urwu rwekushanda runosanganisira mabasa akawanda ekuvhura nekuvhara panguva dzakatarwa runonzi operation loop.

Kutenderera kwekushanda kwemacircuit breakers muChina kwakatarwa seizvi:

Kutenderera kwekushanda kwe otomatiki: vhura - t '- vhara/vhura - t - vhara/vhura

Kutenderera kwekushanda kusingadzoreki otomatiki: vhura - t - vhara/vhura - t - vhara/vhura

Pakati pazvo, 'kuvhura' kunomiririra chiito chekutanga;

Kuvhara uye Kuvhura - Zvinoreva chiito chekuvhura dunhu nekukurumidza mushure mekuvhara; T '- Hapana nguva iripo yepakati, zvinoreva nguva kubva pakudzima kwearc apo circuit breaker inobvisa dunhu rekutadza kuenda kukubatanidzazve otomatiki kwedunhu. Nguva yakajairika imasekondi 0.3 kana masekondi 0.5, inova nguva yekuchinja.

T - Nguva yakasimba yekutumira simba kune vanoishandisa, ine nguva yakatarwa yemasekonzi 180